Railway-tie plate.



A.. Mmmm. RAILWAY TIE PLATE, Ammonium' I-'ILED'FEB.1, ww.

Sim 6 3 M im@ A. MORRISON.

RAILWAY TIL PLATE. f APPLIUATION FILED rms. 1, 1910. 961,517, Patented June 14,1910.

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wa'mmssas mvEN-ron l Y y (Mm mmm WOVZOLWL/f AMW. WWK @Wmk A. MRRISUN. RILW'Y TE PLATE. APPLIUATIQH FILED ma. 1, 1910L Patented June 14,1910.

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ANDREW MORRISON, F PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

RAILWAY-TIE PLATE.

Specication of Letters Patent.' Patented June ld, 1910i..

Application led February 1, 1910. Serial No. 541,232.

To oli 'whom i may concern: l

Be it known that l, ANDREW MORRISON, a resident of Pittsburg, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement in Railway-Tie Plates, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciiication, in Which#- Fignre l is .a sectional view showing my invention applied to a rail; Fig. 2 is a top plan View of the tie plate shown in Fig. l; Fin. is a similar View showing another form; Fig. Il is a. section on the line IV--IV of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a top plan view otA another form of plate; Fig. 6 is a section on the line fl- Vl of F ig. Figs. 7 and 3 are views similar respectively to Figs. 5 and (i, out showing another modification;

Fig. Sl is a top plan view showing still another form; Fig. l0 is a bottom plan view of another forni: Fig. l1 is a section on 'iluline of Fig. Figs. l2 and 13 are views similar respectively to Figs. 10 and 1l showing another form; and Figs. ll and l5 are similar views showing still another' form; and Fig, lf3 is n transverse vertical .section illustrating my invention as applied to a gi nd rail tie plate; and Fig. 17 is a plan vien' oi' the siaid tie plate.

T invention has relation to railway tie f tes, and more particularly to tie plates which are intended for use with screw threaded spikes as distinguished from ordinav driven spikes, although somo of the features of my improved tie plate are applicohle to plates which are secured by ordinary driven spikes.

.in object of my invention is to provide tie plate having novel and efficient meansl for holdingr the screw spikes, whichm'ill pref-:cnt their spreading or 'hacking away from the rails, and which will permity of the heads taking a proper gripping hearing upon the oase flanges of the rails, notivithstanding 'variations in the thickness of such tianges.

.l further ohiecto my invention is to provide a tie plate in which the amount of metal required for their construction ma.Y

teriallyr reduced Without in any way weakening the plate or impairing its etliciency, the reduction being made at portions of the plate which are largely neutral in service, and where the reduction of metal is Without effect upon the elicieney.

The precise nature of my invention will be best understood by reference to 'the accompanying drawings, in'which l have shown various modifications thereof, it being premised, however, that these are illustrative only, and that other modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the ap pended claims.

Referrin rst to .the form of tie late shown in Figs. l. and 2, the numeral 2 esignates the plate, which is formed on its u per surface with the parallel, transverse y extending, ribs or flanges 3, between which seats the base Ll of the track rail. 5 designates holes formed through the plate adja-` cent to each of the rilosor flanges 3 forv the purpose of receiving the securing screw spikes G, which enter the wooden tie 7. The holes 5 are provided with the surrounding raised flanges 8, which are of less exterior diameter than the diameter of the head 6 of the screw spike G. These flanges are preferably ot' a height slightly less than the standard thickness of the outer edges of the rail bases, so as to insure a proper bearing of the head (la upon the rail bases and to allow for some Wear in service. The flanges 8 are of sutlicient height to form a proper bearing for the screw spikes which will prevent their backing away from the rails, or spreading so as to leave the rail improperly secured; The flanges are shown as being of substantially the same height as the transversely extend ing ribs or tiangcsv 3 or 3, which is preferred, inasmuch it gives a maximum support for the shank ol the spike without being sufficiently high lo .support the head. The upper edge portions ol these flanges are also pref erabllv beveledI so as to reduce their'thickness. This makes it easy' in driving or redriving a' spike in case the flanges should project slightly too high to enable .them to be readily crushed or flattened dovvn so as not to interfere with driving the spike down to take a secure grip on the lange of the rail,

It has `neen proposed heretofore to provide 'a tie plate having a plurality of for the purpose of reducm'g the amount of metal required, these rooves belng distributed at intervals over tie area of the plate. The

end portions of the plates, however, are the l underneath the web of the rail without portions which sustain the greatest stresses in service, and which should be weakened to the least extent, while the central portions ot' the plates can be reduced in thickness to a considerable extent without in any way iinpairing their efiiciency. In accordance with my invention, therefore, I provide in either the top or the bottom surface of the plates, or in both top and bottom surfaces, a single recess the major portion of which is centrally located, and which leaves the end portions of the plates of full thickness and unini paired strength. In Figs. 1 and 2 this recess is shown at 9. It is also shown as having relatively narrow end portions 9 extending to the sides of the plates. The purpose ot narrowin up the end portions ot the recess is to give t ie rail a maximum bearing at opposite sides ofthe plates, while at the saine time providing for as large a reduction of metal as is practicable.

In the forni of the invention shown in Figs. 3 and It, the metal reducing recess 10, instead of extending transversely of the plate, extends longitudinally thereof and opensat one end of the plate. The major portion of the area of this recess, however, is at the central portion of the late. In this forni I have also shown the p etes provided with four spike holes instead of two. It will be obvious, however, that in all of the forms which I haveshown, I do not limit myself to any particular number of spike holes.

In the forni shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the plate instead ot' being of reduced thickness at its end portions, as shown in the preceding gures, is of full thickness throughout except where reduced by the recess 11, which corresponds lo the recess l0 of FiO. 3. In this form I have also shown the tien es 8a surrounding two of the spike holes aseing of segmental form, and have shown a short transverse rib 3 intermediate of said spike holes, instead of a rib extending from edge to edge of the plate as in the preceding figures.

In the form shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the plate has threespike holes similar to those shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, and has a large central recess 12 in its upper surface, with a relatively narrow neck ortion 13 extending therefrom to one endo the plate.

In the form shown in Fig. 9, the recess 14C is generally the same in form and arran e-Y ment as the recess 9 shown in Fig. 2, but t e narrow portions 14a leadingto the said edges ofthe plates, instead of leading from the essere central portion of the recess lead from one side thereof, the purpose of this arrangenient being to bring these portions of the grooves to one side oit the central line of the rail and to give a maximum amount oiv metal diminishing the size of the recess.

The Aform shown in Fits, l() and 11 is similar to that shown in Pigs. 3 and fl, eltcept that the recess 15 is formed in the bottom lsurface of the plate instead of in the upper surface, and only three spike holes` are illustrated. v

In F lgs. 12 and 13 I have shown another arrangement of the bottom recess, indicated' at 16, which is similar to the top recess 12 shown in Fig. 7, but which dees not open eithery the end or side edge or the plate.

Figs. 14 and 15 show a plate liavine.u bottom recess 17 of uni-form width extending transversely across the central portion ci' the plate.

In Figs. 16 and 17 I have shown my invention applied to a guard rail tie plate; that -is to say, to a tie late which is ont sufiicient length toexten underneath both al track rail 18 and a guard rail 18, rhis tie plate is shown as provided with spike holes 19 surrounded by flanges 2O of the character previously described, and also having a transversely extending lip 21 to engage the inner base' flange of the guard rail. This lip has av central spike hole 22 with short upwardly extending segmental liauges 23 at opposite sides thereof.

In the upper surface of the tie plate unn derneath the main rail 18 I have shown a Weight-reducine depression 21 of the forni illustrated in iti-g. 9; and in the under side oi.A the tie plate underneath the guard rail 18i I have shown a weight reducing recess c25 of the form shown in Figs. 3 and 4. inasmuch as-the major portion of the load on the tie plate comes through t-he main rail 18, while the load transmitted through the guard rail 1H isYcomparatively light, it is desirable that thc end of the tie plate underneath the rail 18 shall have a. greater lie-bearing area than the portion which is underneath the guard rail. This tends to equalize the extent to which the tie plate will embed or sealy itself in the wooden tie. If the bearing surfaces of the two ends of the plate were substantially equal, the end supporting the main rail 18 would tend to embed itself deeper in the tie than theopposite end. This tendency is corrected by the weight-reducing recess being: located in the lunder side of the plate while the weight-reducing' recess Qt is located in the top surface of the plate. The end of the plate underneath the main rail is also pret"- rie.

flanges 2li. The upper Surface of the plate is provided with the three transverse rail- .seating .shoulders or flanges 2T.

'ly'he drawings show the tie plate considerably thicker at the end which is underneath the guard rail than at. the opposite end. This, however, is incidental and due to the fact; tl at 'the guard rail section employed is o1e a less height than the main rail and a thicker tie plate is used `in order to i'uoperly elevate the lguard rail. lf a higher guard rail is employed, the tie plate may be ot uniform thicknfss, except for the weight-reducing recesses; or the guard rail may be elevated in various other ways. There is, howevery anad Yantage in using a tie plate of the torni shown, inasmuch as the natural breaking point ot such a plate is adjacent to the lip 2l7 and by using a plate which is thicker at this end. the strength of the plate at. the breaking point is materially increased.

,llt further advantage due to the provision ot the recesses in the upper surfaces of the tie plate that such recess provides a clearance t'or sand and other dirt which .works underneath the base of the rail, and thus largely reduces the wearing action between the rail and plate.

lt will be readily1 understood that the forms ot top recesse`l which I have shown may also be used on the bottom of the plate; and that the forms of the bottoni recesses shown shall also be used on the upper surfaces ot the plate; also that these recesses may be ot' other 'forms besides those shown, the essential feature being,r that in each case the recess shall operate to remove a maxinuun amount ot metal troni the central portion ot' the plateA 'lhe reduction of metal which is thus etl'ected. is a very considerable item in the practical manufacture of tht plates` and results in a considerable decrease in the niannlaeturing cost.

invention is applicable to both cast. and rolled tie plates. since the various toi-ms of metal-reducing recesses and spike head bearings shown can be readily 'formed both by rolling and casting.

That l claim ist l. ,t railway tie plate having a transverse rail-hearing projection on its upper surface, and a spike hole in the line of the said projection, said hole having` an upwardly projecting!` rim tlange surrounding the rear but not the trent portion thereof. said flange beingy ot substantially the saine height as thc railbearingl projection. said flange forming a beat-incr t'or the shank of the spike to prevent it trom backingr away from the rail but' leavinp1 the head ot the. spike practically unsupported therel iy. substantially as described.

2. t railway tie plate having a transverse railbearing projection on its upper surface,

and a spike hole in the line of the said projection. said holehavine an upwardly projectincr riin flange surroundingY the rear but not the front portion thereot'` said vflange being ot' substantially the same height as the rail-bearing projection. said [lange-forniing a bearingr for the shank of the spike to preventv it from backing; away t'roni the rail but leavingr the head ot the spike prac tically unsupported thereby and havingr a beveled upper edge portion, substantially as described.

3. A railway tie plate. having a recess in one of itsI faces. the major portion of said recess being located at the portion of the plate which s centrally underneath the track rail, sait'` recess being at least partially closed at'. its ends to provide, increased rail heal-intei area where the rail comes upon and leaves the plate: substantially as described.

4,- railway tie plate, havingr a recess in one of its faces. the major portion of said recess beiner located at the portion ot' the plate which is centrally underneath the track rail. and provided with a relativelynarrow drainage passage leading to an edge of the plate; substantially as described.

5. A railway tie plate. having a recess in one of its faces. the major portion of said recess being located at the portion of the plate which is (.:entrally underneath the track rail. and provided with a relatively narrow drainage portion leading!l therefrom to an edge. ot' the plate, said narrow drainage portion beinlgr at. one side of the web ot' the rail: substantially as described.

railway tie plate. having a recess in one of itstaces. the major portion ot' said recess beingr located at the portion ot the plate which is centrally underneath the track rail. and provided with relatively narrow drainage portions leading` therefrom to opposite edges'ot' the plate. said drainage portions beiner atl one side of the web of the rail; substantiallY as described. y

7. railway tie plate having a portion to seat underneath the nniiir rail. and another portion to seat underneath the guard rail, the portion underneath the. main rail having a weilgght-redurineA recess in its upper surface, and tht` guard rail having a weight-reducing recess inl lits lower surface; substantially as described. I

8. railway tie plate. having a portion to seat` underi'ieath the main rail, 4and another portion to seat underneath the guard rail, the portion underneath the main rail having a weight-reducinpr recess in its upper surface, and the portion underneath the guard rail having,r a weight-reducing recess in its lower surface, that. end portion of the plate which is underneath the guard rail being of portion underneath they greater thickness than the other end portion; the portion underneath the guard-rail; subsubstantially as described. stantially as described. 10

.L A- railway tie plate having a poi-tion to In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set sont underneath :l main mil, and another my hund.

` portion to sont under n guard-ruil, the por- ANDREW MORRISON. i

tion underneath the main rail havin a Witnesses: greater bearing area upon the tie and a ess G. M. VmRs, hearing sux-face lor the base of the rall than H. M. CORWIN. 

